本文是参考《javascript Dom 编程艺术》第八章的内容所写,用到的知识点,就是关于创建平稳的web页面。
使用DOM方法:
getElementById()
getElementsByTagName()
getAttribute() setAttribute()
createElement()
createTextNode()
appendChild()
首先网页只是一段简单的html,含有部分复杂的标签。
<abbr>用于缩写,<blockquote>引用。
代码如下:
<h1>What is the Document Object Model?</h1><p>The <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> defines the <abbr title="Document Object Model">DOM</abbr> as:</p><blockquote cite="http://www.w3.org/DOM/"><p>A platform and language-neutral interface that will allow programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of documents.</p> </blockquote><p>It is an <abbr title="Application Programming Interface">API</abbr> that can be used to navigator <abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr> and <abbr title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</abbr> documents.</p>
使用的css如下:
body {font-family: "Helvtica","Arial",sans-serif;font-size: 10pt;}abbr {text-decoration: none;border: 0;font-style: normal;color: blue;}
word自定义标签怎么设置? 书中给出了三个例子,一个是缩写动态创建列表;一个是引用;还有一个是快捷键,快捷键就暂时没有练习,感觉不太常用。
动态创建列表的代码如下,答题思想就是通过getElementsByTagName扫描DOM树,查找对应的节点,然后根据节点的内容动态的创建列表。其中包括变量的命名,安全检查,平稳退化都是值得学习的。
function displayAbbreviations(){if(!document.getElementsByTagName) return false;if(!document.createElement) return false;if(!document.createTextNode) return false;//提取信息var abbreviations = document.getElementsByTagName("abbr");if(abbreviations.length < 1) return false;var defs = new Array();for(var i=0; i<abbreviations.length; i++){var current_abbr = abbreviations[i];var definition = current_abbr.getAttribute("title");var key = current_abbr.lastChild.nodeValue;defs[key] = definition;}//创建节点var dlist = document.createElement("dl");for(key in defs){var definition = defs[key];var dtitle = document.createElement("dt");var dtitile_text = document.createTextNode(key);dtitle.appendChild(dtitile_text);var ddesc = document.createElement("dd");var ddesc_text = document.createTextNode(definition);ddesc.appendChild(ddesc_text);dlist.appendChild(dtitle);dlist.appendChild(ddesc);}//防止浏览器不认识abbr标签if(dlist.childNodes.length < 1) return false;//创建标题var header = document.createElement("h2");var header_text = document.createTextNode("Abbreviations");header.appendChild(header_text);document.body.appendChild(header);document.body.appendChild(dlist);}
下面是引用的代码,思路跟上面差不多。只是添加动态节点的时候,要插入到元素标签的最后一个元素节点,但是有时候代码是这个样子的:
<div id="test"> <p> </p> </div>
这样通过调用getElementById("test").lastChild有可能拿不到p标签节点,因为</p>与</div>之间有一个回车,有的浏览器可能认为这是一个文本节点。
因此可以通过getElementById("test").getElementsByTagName("*")的方式,获取所有的元素节点,然后指定最后一个节点肯定是我们需要的元素节点。
html多行文本框标签。 代码参考如下:
function displayCitations(){if(!document.getElementsByTagName) return false;if(!document.createElement) return false;if(!document.createTextNode) return false;var quotes = document.getElementsByTagName("blockquote");//遍历节点创建元素标签for(var i=0; i<quotes.length; i++){if(!quotes[i].getAttribute("cite")) continue;var url = quotes[i].getAttribute("cite");var quoteChildren = quotes[i].getElementsByTagName('*');//引用最后一个元素节点if(quoteChildren.length < 1) continue;var elem = quoteChildren[quoteChildren.length - 1];var link = document.createElement("a");var link_text = document.createTextNode("source");link.appendChild(link_text);link.setAttribute("href",url);var superscript = document.createElement("sup");superscript.appendChild(link);//把标记添加到最后一个元素节点 elem.appendChild(superscript);}}
当然这两个方法都需要在onload的时候执行,因此不可缺少的一个方法addLoadEvent:
function addLoadEvent(func){var oldonload = window.onload;if(typeof window.onload != 'function'){window.onload = func;}else{window.onload = function(){oldonload();func();}}}addLoadEvent(displayAbbreviations);addLoadEvent(displayCitations);
代码示例:
全部代码:
![](http://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
<!doctype html> <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>Explaining the Document Object Model</title><style type="text/css">body {font-family: "Helvtica","Arial",sans-serif;font-size: 10pt;}abbr {text-decoration: none;border: 0;font-style: normal;color: blue;}</style></head><body><h1>What is the Document Object Model?</h1><p>The <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> defines the <abbr title="Document Object Model">DOM</abbr> as:</p><blockquote cite="http://www.w3.org/DOM/"><p>A platform and language-neutral interface that will allow programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of documents.</p> </blockquote><p>It is an <abbr title="Application Programming Interface">API</abbr> that can be used to navigator <abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr> and <abbr title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</abbr> documents.</p><script type="text/javascript">function addLoadEvent(func){var oldonload = window.onload;if(typeof window.onload != 'function'){window.onload = func;}else{window.onload = function(){oldonload();func();}}}function displayAbbreviations(){if(!document.getElementsByTagName) return false;if(!document.createElement) return false;if(!document.createTextNode) return false;//提取信息var abbreviations = document.getElementsByTagName("abbr");if(abbreviations.length < 1) return false;var defs = new Array();for(var i=0; i<abbreviations.length; i++){var current_abbr = abbreviations[i];var definition = current_abbr.getAttribute("title");var key = current_abbr.lastChild.nodeValue;defs[key] = definition;}//创建节点var dlist = document.createElement("dl");for(key in defs){var definition = defs[key];var dtitle = document.createElement("dt");var dtitile_text = document.createTextNode(key);dtitle.appendChild(dtitile_text);var ddesc = document.createElement("dd");var ddesc_text = document.createTextNode(definition);ddesc.appendChild(ddesc_text);dlist.appendChild(dtitle);dlist.appendChild(ddesc);}//防止浏览器不认识abbr标签if(dlist.childNodes.length < 1) return false;//创建标题var header = document.createElement("h2");var header_text = document.createTextNode("Abbreviations");header.appendChild(header_text);document.body.appendChild(header);document.body.appendChild(dlist);}function displayCitations(){if(!document.getElementsByTagName) return false;if(!document.createElement) return false;if(!document.createTextNode) return false;var quotes = document.getElementsByTagName("blockquote");//遍历节点创建元素标签for(var i=0; i<quotes.length; i++){if(!quotes[i].getAttribute("cite")) continue;var url = quotes[i].getAttribute("cite");var quoteChildren = quotes[i].getElementsByTagName('*');//引用最后一个元素节点if(quoteChildren.length < 1) continue;var elem = quoteChildren[quoteChildren.length - 1];var link = document.createElement("a");var link_text = document.createTextNode("source");link.appendChild(link_text);link.setAttribute("href",url);var superscript = document.createElement("sup");superscript.appendChild(link);//把标记添加到最后一个元素节点 elem.appendChild(superscript);}}addLoadEvent(displayAbbreviations);addLoadEvent(displayCitations);</script></body> </html>