Linux下创建Oracle的实例

使用oracle用户登录，或su到oracle用户

1、首先设置要创建的ORACLE的SID

export ORACLE_SID=addb

2、 创建相应目录

mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/addb/{a,b,c,u}dump
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/addb/pfile
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/addb

3、在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录下创建初始化文件

命名方法：init实例名.ora 本例中initaddb.ora 
cp init.ora initaddb.ora 即可以生成 
vi initaddb.ora 进行编辑，将里面的内容对应修改一下，我的修改完如下：

db_name='addb'
memory_target=1G
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='/data/install/oracle/admin/addb/adump'
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_recovery_file_dest='/data/install/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='/data/install/oracle'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=addbXDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
# You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical
# devices
control_files = (ora_control3, ora_control4)
compatible ='11.2.0'

注意不要用原来的<ORACLE_BASE>作为路径，修改为对应的绝对路径，否则会报错

而且注意control_files应该是新的文件，否则会报文件已存在的错误

4、创建密码文件

orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwaddb password=addb123 entries=5 force=y 
这里设置的是sys用户，密码是addb123

5、创建oracle的建库脚本 createdb.sql,内容如下，我将其放在了$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/addb下面

create database addb
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
DATAFILE
'/data/install/oracle/oradata/addb/system01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 1m maxsize unlimited extent management local
sysaux datafile
'/data/install/oracle/oradata/addb/sysaux01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 1m maxsize unlimited
default temporary tablespace TEMP tempfile
'/data/install/oracle/oradata/addb/temp01.dbf' size 20m reuse autoextend on next 640k maxsize unlimited
undo tablespace UNDOTBS1 datafile
'/data/install/oracle/oradata/addb/undo01.dbf' size 20m reuse autoextend on next 5M maxsize unlimited
logfile
GROUP 1 ('/data/install/oracle/oradata/addb/redo1.dbf') size 10m,
GROUP 2 ('/data/install/oracle/oradata/addb/redo2.dbf') size 10m,
GROUP 3 ('/data/install/oracle/oradata/addb/redo3.dbf') size 10m
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

6、执行建库和数据字典脚本

以sysdba进入：

sqlplus / as sysdba

执行下面命令：

startup nomout;
@$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/addb/createdb.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql;
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql;
@?/rdbms/admin/catexp.sql;

7、修改监听配置文件listener.ora

到$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin目录下：vi listener.ora

addb =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS_LIST =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1522))
      )
      (ADDRESS_LIST =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 114.55.30.70)(PORT = 1522))
      )
    )
  )
SID_LIST_addb =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = addb)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /data/install/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = addb)
    )
  )

8、启停

启停监听

lsnrctl start addb
lsnrctl stop addb

启停实例

  export ORACLE_SID=addb
  sqlplus / as sysdba
  >startup
  >shutdown