一、設有一數據庫,包括四個表:學生表(Student)、課程表(Course)、成績表(Score)以及教師信息表(Teacher)。四個表的結構分別如表1-1的表(一)~表(四)所示,數據如表1-2的表(一)~表(四)所示。用SQL語句創建四個表并完成相關題目。
?????????????????表1-1數據庫的表結構
sql語句題目,表(一)Student (學生表)?
屬性名 | 數據類型 | sql50題,可否為空 | 含 義 |
Sno | varchar (20) | 否 | 學號(主碼) |
Sname | varchar (20) | 否 | 學生姓名 |
Ssex | varchar (20) | 否 | 學生性別 |
Sbirthday | datetime | 可 | 學生出生年月 |
Class | varchar (20) | 可 | 學生所在班級 |
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表(二)Course(課程表)
屬性名 | 數據類型 | 可否為空 | 含 義 |
Cno | varchar (20) | 否 | 課程號(主碼) |
Cname | varchar (20) | 否 | 課程名稱 |
Tno | varchar (20) | 否 | 教工編號(外碼) |
表(三)Score(成績表)
屬性名 | 數據類型 | 可否為空 | 含 義 |
Sno | varchar (20) | 否 | 學號(外碼) |
Cno | varchar (20) | 否 | 課程號(外碼) |
Degree | Decimal(4,1) | 可 | 成績 |
主碼:Sno+ Cno |
表(四)Teacher(教師表)
屬性名 | 數據類型 | 可否為空 | 含 義 |
Tno | varchar (20) | 否 | 教工編號(主碼) |
Tname | varchar (20) | 否 | 教工姓名 |
Tsex | varchar (20) | 否 | 教工性別 |
Tbirthday | datetime | 可 | 教工出生年月 |
Prof | varchar (20) | 可 | 職稱 |
Depart | varchar (20) | 否 | 教工所在部門 |
表1-2數據庫中的數據
表(一)Student
Sno | Sname | Ssex | Sbirthday | class |
108 | 曾華 | 男 | 1977-09-01 | 95033 |
105 | 匡明 | 男 | 1975-10-02 | 95031 |
107 | 王麗 | 女 | 1976-01-23 | 95033 |
101 | 李軍 | 男 | 1976-02-20 | 95033 |
109 | 王芳 | 女 | 1975-02-10 | 95031 |
103 | 陸君 | 男 | 1974-06-03 | 95031 |
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表(二)Course
Cno | Cname | Tno |
3-105 | 計算機導論 | 825 |
3-245 | 操作系統 | 804 |
6-166 | 數字電路 | 856 |
9-888 | 高等數學 | 831 |
表(三)Score
Sno | Cno | Degree |
103 | 3-245 | 86 |
105 | 3-245 | 75 |
109 | 3-245 | 68 |
103 | 3-105 | 92 |
105 | 3-105 | 88 |
109 | 3-105 | 76 |
101 | 3-105 | 64 |
107 | 3-105 | 91 |
108 | 3-105 | 78 |
101 | 6-166 | 85 |
107 | 6-166 | 79 |
108 | 6-166 | 81 |
表(四)Teacher
Tno | Tname | Tsex | Tbirthday | Prof | Depart |
804 | 李誠 | 男 | 1958-12-02 | 副教授 | 計算機系 |
856 | 張旭 | 男 | 1969-03-12 | 講師 | 電子工程系 |
825 | 王萍 | 女 | 1972-05-05 | 助教 | 計算機系 |
831 | 劉冰 | 女 | 1977-08-14 | 助教 | 電子工程系 |
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#建學生信息表student create table student ( sno varchar(20) not null primary key, sname varchar(20) not null, ssex varchar(20) not null, sbirthday datetime, class varchar(20)); #建立教師表 create table teacher ( tno varchar(20) not null primary key, tname varchar(20) not null, tsex varchar(20) not null, tbirthday datetime, prof varchar(20), depart varchar(20) not null); #建立課程表course create table course ( cno varchar(20) not null primary key, cname varchar(20) not null, tno varchar(20) not null, foreign key(tno) references teacher(tno)); #建立成績表 create table score ( sno varchar(20) not null primary key, foreign key(sno) references student(sno), cno varchar(20) not null, foreign key(cno) references course(cno), degree decimal);#添加學生信息 insert into student values('108','曾華','男','1977-09-01','95033'); insert into student values('105','匡明','男','1975-10-02','95031'); insert into student values('107','王麗','女','1976-01-23','95033'); insert into student values('101','李軍','男','1976-02-20','95033'); insert into student values('109','王芳','女','1975-02-10','95031'); insert into student values('103','陸君','男','1974-06-03','95031');#添加教師表 insert into teacher values('804','李誠','男','1958-12-02','副教授','計算機系'); insert into teacher values('856','張旭','男','1969-03-12','講師','電子工程系'); insert into teacher values('825','王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','計算機系'); insert into teacher values('831','劉冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','電子工程系');#添加課程表 insert into course values('3-105','計算機導論','825'); insert into course values('3-245','操作系統','804'); insert into course values('6-166','數字電路','856'); insert into course values('9-888','高等數學','831'); #添加成績表insert into score values('103','3-245','86'); insert into score values('105','3-245','75'); insert into score values('109','3-245','68'); insert into score values('103','3-105','92'); insert into score values('105','3-105','88'); insert into score values('109','3-105','76'); insert into score values('103','3-105','64'); insert into score values('105','3-105','91'); insert into score values('109','3-105','78'); insert into score values('103','6-166','85'); insert into score values('105','6-166','79'); insert into score values('109','6-166','81');
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1、 查詢Student表中的所有記錄的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
1 | select ?Sname,Ssex,Class? from ?student |
2、 查詢教師所有的單位即不重復的Depart列。
1 | select ?distinct ?Depart? from ?teacher |
3、 查詢Student表的所有記錄。
1 | select ?*?? from ?student |
4、 查詢Score表中成績在60到80之間的所有記錄。
1 | select ?*?? from ?Score? where ?Degree? between ?60? and ?80 |
5、 查詢Score表中成績為85,86或88的記錄。
1 | select ?*?? from ?Score? where ?Degree? in (85,86,88) |
6、 查詢Student表中“95031”班或性別為“女”的同學記錄。
1 | select ?*?? from ?Student? where ?class= '95031' ?or ?Ssex= '女' |
7、 以Class降序查詢Student表的所有記錄。
1 | select ?*?? from ?student? order ?by ?class? desc |
8、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查詢Score表的所有記錄。
1 | select ?*?? from ?Score? order ?by ?cno? asc ,degree? desc |
9、 查詢“95031”班的學生人數。
1 | select ?count (*)?? from ?student? where ?class= '95031' |
10、???? 查詢Score表中的最高分的學生學號和課程號。(子查詢或者排序)
1 | select ?Sno,Cno?? from ?Score? where ?Degree=( select ?max (Degree)? from ?Score) |
1 | select ?Sno,Cno?? from ?Score? order ?by ??Degree? desc ?limit 0,1 |
11、???? 查詢每門課的平均成績。
1 | select ?Cno, avg (degree)? from ?Score? group ?by ?Cno |
12、???? 查詢Score表中至少有5名學生選修的并以3開頭的課程的平均分數。
1 | select ?avg (Degree)? from ?score? where ?Cno? like ?'3%' ?and ?Cno? in ?( select ?Cno? from ?score? group ?by ?Cno? having ?count (*)>=5) 用 in ?不用= 是因為可能會有多個 |
1 | 簡單寫法: select ?avg (Degree)? from ?score? where ?Cno? like ?'3%' ?and ?group ?by ?Cno? having ?count (*)>=5 |
13、???? 查詢分數大于70,小于90的Sno列。
1 | select ?Sno? from ?Score? where ?degree>70? and ?degree<90 |
14、???? 查詢所有學生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
1 | select ??Sname, Cno,Degree? from ?Score , student? where ?Score.Sno=student.Sno |
15、???? 查詢所有學生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。
1 | select ??Sno,Cname,Degree? from ?Score , Course? where ?Score.Cno=Course.Cno |
16、???? 查詢所有學生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
1 | select ?Sname,Cname,Degree? from ?student,course,score? where ?student.Sno=score.Sno? and ?course.Cno=score.Cno |
1 | join ?..? on ?寫法: select ?Sname,Cname,Degree? from ?student? join ?score? on ?student.Sno=score.Sno? join ?course? on ?course.Cno=score.Cno |
17、???? 查詢“95033”班學生的平均分。
1 | select ?avg (degree)? as ?'class=95033' ?from ?Score? where ?Sno? in ?( select ?Sno? from ??Student? where ?Class= '95033' ?) |
18、 假設使用如下命令建立了一個grade表:
create table grade(low? int(3),upp? int(3),rank? char(1))
insert into grade values(90,100,’A’)
insert into grade values(80,89,’B’)
insert into grade values(70,79,’C’)
insert into grade values(60,69,’D’)
insert into grade values(0,59,’E’)
現查詢所有同學的Sno、Cno和rank列。
1 | select ?Sno,Cno,rank? from ?Score,grade? where ?degree? between ?low? and ?upp |
19、查詢選修“3-105”課程的成績高于“109”號同學成績的所有同學的記錄。
1 | <span style= "color: #000000; font-size: 15px" >109同學,選修是3-105課的</span> |
1 | select ?*? from ?score? where ?Cno= '3-105' ?and ?degree>( select ?max (degree )? from ?Score? where ?Sno= '109' ?and ?Cno= '3-105' ?) |
1 | <span style= "font-size: 15px" >109同學,沒有選修3-105課</span> |
1 | select ?*? from ?score? where ?Cno= '3-105' ?and ?degree>( select ?max (degree )? from ?Score? where ?Sno= '109' ) |
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1 | 選了多門課程并且是這個課程下不是最高分的 |
1 | select ?*? from ?score a? where ?Sno? in ?( select ?Sno? from ?score? group ?by ?Sno? having ?count (*)>1)? and ?degree<(? select ?max (degree )? from ?Score b? where ?b.cno = a.cno) |
21、查詢成績高于學號為“109”、課程號為“3-105”的成績的所有記錄。
1 | Select ?*? from ?score? where ?degree>( select ?degree? from ?Score? where ?Sno= '109' ?and ?Cno= '3-105' ?) |
22、查詢和學號為108、101的同學同年出生的所有學生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
1 | select ?sno,sname,sbirthday?? from ?student? where ?year (sbirthday) = ( select ?year (sbirthday)? from ?student? where ??sno= '108' ) |
1 | select ?sno,sname,sbirthday?? from ?student? where ?year (sbirthday) = ( select ?year (sbirthday)? from ?student? where ??sno= '101' ) |
23、查詢“張旭“教師任課的學生成績。
1 | select ?Sno,degree? from ?score,Course?? where ?score.Cno=Course.Cno? and ?Course.Tno= ( select ?Tno? from ?Teacher? where ?Tname= '張旭' ?) |
1 | select ?degree? from ?score? where ?Cno? in ?( select ?cno? from ?course? where ?Tno= ( select ?Tno? from ?Teacher? where ?Tname= '張旭' ??) ) |
24、查詢選修某課程的同學人數多于5人的教師姓名。
1 | select ?Tname? from ?Teacher,? Course? where ?Teacher.Tno=Course.Tno? and ?Course.Cno =( select ?Cno? from ?Score? group ?by ?Cno? having ?count (*)>5) |
1 | select ?Tname? from ?Teacher? where ?tno=(? select ?Tno? from ?Course? where ?cno=(? select ?Cno? from ?Score? group ?by ?Cno? having ?count (*)>5 )) |
25、查詢95033班和95031班全體學生的記錄。
1 | select ?*? from ??student? where ??class? in ?( '95033' , '95031' ) |
26、? 查詢存在有85分以上成績的課程Cno.
1 | select ?Cno? from ?score? where ?degree>85 |
27、查詢出“計算機系“教師所教課程的成績表。
1 | select ?*? from ?course?? where ?cno? in ?( select ?cno? from ?course?? where ?tno? in ?( select ?tno? from ?teacher? where ?Depart= '計算機系' )) |
28、查詢“計算 機系”與“電子工程系“不同職稱的教師的Tname和Prof。
1 | select ?Tname,Prof? from ?Teacher? where ?Depart = '計算機系' ?and ?Prof?? not ?in (? select ?Prof? from ?Teacher? where ?Depart = '電子工程系' )<br> union ?<br> select ?Tname,Prof? from ?Teacher? where ?Depart = '電子工程系' ?and ?Prof?? not ?in (? select ?Prof? from ?Teacher? where ?Depart = '計算機系' ) |
29、查詢選修編號為“3-105“課程且成績至少高于選修編號為“3-245”的同學的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree從高到低次序排序。
any:代表括號中任意一個成績就可以
1 | select ?Cno,Sno,Degree? from ?score? where ?cno= '3-105' ?and ?degree > any ( select ?degree? from ?score? where ?cno= '3-245' ?)? order ?by ?degree?? desc |
30、查詢選修編號為“3-105”且成績高于選修編號為“3-245”課程的同學的Cno、Sno和Degree.
all:代表括號中的所有成績
1 | select ?Cno,Sno,Degree? from ?score? where ?cno= '3-105' ?and ?degree > all ( select ?degree? from ?score? where ?cno= '3-245' ?)? order ?by ?degree? desc |
31、?查詢所有教師和同學的name、sex和birthday.
1 | select ?tname,tsex,tbirthday? from ?Teacher? union ?select ?sname,ssex,sbirthday? from ?Student |
32、查詢所有“女”教師和“女”同學的name、sex和birthday.
1 | select ?Tname,Tsex,Tbirthday? from ?Teacher? where ?Tsex= '女' ?union ?select ?Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday? from ?Student? where ?Ssex= '女' |
33、?查詢成績比該課程平均成績低的同學的成績表。
1 | select ?*? from ?score a?? where ?degree < ( select ?avg (degree)? from ?score b? where ?b.cno=a.cno) |
34、 查詢所有任課教師的Tname和Depart.
1 | select ?Tname,Depart? from ?Teacher? where ?tno? in ?( select ?tno? from ?course ) |
35?、 查詢所有未講課的教師的Tname和Depart.
1 | select ?Tname,Depart? from ?Teacher? where ?Tno? not ?in ?( select ?Tno? from ?Course? where ?cno? in ?( select ?cno? from ?score? )) |
36、查詢至少有2名男生的班號。
1 | select ?class? from ?student? where ?ssex= '男' ?group ?by ?class? having ?count (*)>1 |
37、查詢Student表中不姓“王”的同學記錄。
1 | select ?*? from ?Student? where ?Sname? not ??like ?'王%%' |
38、查詢Student表中每個學生的姓名和年齡。
1 | select ?Sname,? year (now())- year (sbirthday)?? from ?Student |
39、查詢Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
1 | select ?Max (Sbirthday ), Min (Sbirthday )? from ?Student |
40、以班號和年齡從大到小的順序查詢Student表中的全部記錄。
1 | select ?*? from ?Student?? order ?by ??class? desc , Sbirthday |
41、查詢“男”教師及其所上的課程。
1 | select ?Tname,Cname? from ?course,teacher? where ?course.tno= teacher.tno? and ?teacher.Tsex= '男' |
42、查詢最高分同學的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
1 | select ?Sno,Cno,Degree? from ?score? where ?degree=( select ?max (degree)? from ?score) |
排序寫法:
1 | select ?Sno,Cno,Degree? from ?score? order ?by ?degree? desc ?limit 0,1 |
43、查詢和“李軍”同性別的所有同學的Sname.
1 | select ?Sname? from ?Student? where ?Ssex = ( select ?Ssex? from ?Student? where ?Sname= '李軍' ) |
44、查詢和“李軍”同性別并同班的同學Sname.
1 | select ?Sname? from ?Student? where ?Ssex = ( select ?Ssex? from ?Student? where ?Sname= '李軍' ?)? and ?class=(? select ?class? from ?student? where ?Sname= '李軍' ) |
45、查詢所有選修“計算機導論”課程的“男”同學的成績表。
1 | select ??Sno,Cno,degree? from ?score? where ?Cno=(? select ?Cno? from ?course? where ?Cname= '計算機導論' )? and ?Sno? in ?( select ?Sno? from ?student? where ?Ssex= '男' ) |